Perceived Importance of Ethics and Social Responsibility (PRESOR)

Perceived Importance of Ethics and Social Responsibility (PRESOR)
Singhapakdi et al‚ 1996
ادراک اهمیت اخلاق و پاسخگویی اجتماعی
1.    The most important concern for a firm is making a profit‚ even if it means bending or breaking the rules.*
2.    To remain competitive in a global environment‚ business firms will have to disregard ethics and social responsibility.*
3.    If survival of a business enterprise is at stake‚ then you must forget about ethics and social responsibility.*
4.    Efficiency is much more important to a firm than whether or not the firm is seen as ethical or socially responsible.*
5.    If the stockholders are unhappy‚ nothing else matters.*
6.    Being ethical and socially responsible is the most important thing a firm can do.
7.    The ethics and social responsibility of a firm are essential to its long-term profitability.
8.    The overall effectiveness of a business can be determined to a great extent by the degree to which it is ethical and socially responsible.
9.    Business ethics and social responsibility are critical to the survival of a business enterprise.
10.    A firm’s first priority should be employee morale.
11.    Business has a social responsibility beyond making a profit.
12.    Social responsibility and profitability can be compatible.
13.    Good ethics is often good business.
* Reverse scored
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این ابزار برای اندازه گیری ادارک از اهمیت اخلاق و مسئولیت اجتماعی برای موفقیت سازمانی طراحی شده است.  دو خرده مقیاس دیدگاه سهامداران و دیدگاه ذینفعان دارد.
اعتبار: آلفا کرونباخ: 0.6 تا 0.7 (سینگاپاکدی و همکاران، 1996)،  0.69 و0.755 (شفر و همکاران، 2007) و 0.8 و 0.857 (مو، 2012)

نمره گذاری:
1 “disagree strongly” to 7 “agree strongly”
چگونگی دستیابی
This instrument can be found at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225164907
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Singhapakdi‚ A.‚ Vitell‚ S.J.‚ Rallapalli‚ K.C.‚ & Kraft‚ K.L. (1995). The perceived importance of ethics and social responsibility on organizational effectiveness: A survey of marketers. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science‚  23(1)‚49-56.
Singhapakdi‚ A.‚ Vitell‚ S.J.‚ Rallapalli‚ K.C.‚ & Kraft‚ K.L. (1996). The perceived role of ethics and social responsibility: A scale development. Journal of Business Ethics‚ 15(11)‚ 1131-1140.
Singhapakdi‚ A.‚ Karande‚ K.‚ Rao‚ C. P.‚ & Vitell‚ S. J. (2001). How important are ethics and social responsibility? A multinational study of marketing professionals. European Journal of Marketing‚ 35‚ 133-153.
Shafer‚ William E.‚ Fukukawa‚ Kyoko.‚ Lee‚ Grace Meina. (2007) Values and the Perceived Importance of Ethics and Social Responsibility: The U.S. versus China. Journal of Business Ethics 70‚265–284.
Mo‚ Lam. (2012).  Ethical Climate‚ the Perceived Importance of Ethics and Social Responsibility‚ and Earnings Management. ma‎ster of Philosophy in Business thesis‚ Lingnan University