Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI)
Turner‚ Beidel‚ Dancu‚ & Stanley‚ 1989
سیاهه ترس و اضطراب اجتماعی
1. I feel anxious when entering social situations where there is a small group.
2. I feel anxious when entering social situations where there is a large group.
3. I feel anxious when I am in a social situation and I become the center of attention.
4. I feel anxious when I am in a social situation and I am expected to engage in some activity.
5. I feel anxious when making a speech in front of an audience.
6. I feel anxious when speaking in a small informal meeting.
7. I feel so anxious about attending social gatherings that I avoid these situations.
8. I feel so anxious in social situations that I leave the social gathering.
9. I feel anxious when in a small gathering with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
10. I feel anxious when in a large gathering with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
11. I feel anxious when in a bar or restaurant with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
12. I feel anxious and I do not know what to do when in a new situation with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
13. I feel anxious and I do not know what to do when in a situation involving confrontation with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
14. I feel anxious and I do not know what to do when in an embarrassing situation with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
15. I feel anxious when discussing intimate feelings with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
16. I feel anxious when stating an opinion to:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
17. I feel anxious when talking about business with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
18. I feel anxious when approaching and/or initiating a conversation with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
19. I feel anxious when having to interact for longer than a few minutes with:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
20. I feel anxious when drinking (any type of beverage) and/or eating in front of:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
21. I feel anxious when writing or typing in front of:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
22. I feel anxious when speaking in front of:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
23. I feel anxious when being criticized or rejected by:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
24. I attempt to avoid social situations where there are:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
25. I leave social situations where there are:
a. Strangers
b. Authority Figures
c. Opposite sex
d. People in general
26. Before entering a social situation I think about all the things that can go wrong. The types of thoughts I experience are:
a. Will I be dressed properly?
b. I will probably make a mistake and look foolish.
c. What if no one speaks to me?
d. If there is a lag in the conversation what can I talk about?
27. I feel anxious before entering a social situation.
28. My voice leaves me or changes when I am talking in a social situation.
29. I am not likely to speak to people until they speak to me.
30. I experience troublesome thoughts when I am in a social setting. For example:
a. I wish I could leave and avoid the whole situation.
b. If I mess up again I will really lose my confidence.
c. What kind of impression am I making?
d. Whatever I say it will probably sound stupid.
31. I experience the following prior to entering a social situation:
a. Sweating
b. Blushing
c. Shaking
d. Frequent urge to urinate
e. Heart palpitations
32. I experience the following in a social situation:
a. Sweating
b. Blushing
c. Shaking
d. Frequent urge to urinate
e. Heart palpitations
33. I feel anxious when I am home alone.
34. I feel anxious when I am in a strange place.
35. I feel anxious when I am on any form of public transportation (i.e.‚ bus‚ train‚ airplane).
36. I feel anxious when crossing streets.
37. I feel anxious when I am in crowed places (i.e.‚ stores‚ church‚ movies‚ restaurants‚ etc.).
38. Being in large open spaces makes me feel anxious.
39. I feel anxious when I am in enclosed places (elevators‚ tunnels‚ etc.).
40. Being in high places make me feel anxious (i.e.‚ tall buildings).
41. I feel anxious when waiting in a long line.
42. There are times when I feel like I have to hold on to things because I am afraid I will fall.
43. When I leave home and go to various public places‚ I go with a family member or friend.
44. I feel anxious when riding in a car.
45. There are certain places I do not go because I may feel trapped.
فرم کودکان
Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C)
Beidel‚ Turner & Morris. 1995
Factor 1—Assertiveness/General Conversation
-something said that is wrong or bad
-an embarrassing situation
-asked to do something that I don't want to do
-ignored or made fun of by others
-someone starts arguing
-I start to talk to someone
-when with others‚ I think "scary" thoughts
-before going places‚ I think about what might go wrong
-ask questions in class
-school cafeteria
-I have to talk for longer than a few minutes
-avoid social situations
-become the center of attention
Factor 2—Traditional Social Encounters (6%)
—in a social situation‚ I feel (somatic symptoms) .79
—before going someplace‚ I feel (somatic symptoms) .77
—parties‚ dances‚ school or any interaction and go home early . 71
—leave social situations .63
—avoid social situations (parties‚ school‚ playing with others) .56
—school play‚ choir‚ music or dance recital .53
—before going someplace‚ I think about what might go wrong .52
—when with others‚ I think "scary" thoughts .50
—school cafeteria
Factor 3—Public Performance
—speaking or reading aloud in front of a group
—speaking in front of the class
—others watch me do something
—answering questions in class
—in a school play‚ choir‚ music or dance recital
—with others and become the center of attention
—joining a large group
Note. The entire factor loading table is available on request from Deborah C. Beidel.
شرح سایت روان سنجی:این ابزار شدت پریشانی و اختلال را می سنجد. دو خرده مقیاس هراس اجتماعی و ترس از مکان های شلوغ دارد.
این ابزار دارای نسخه کودکان نیز هست.
اعتبار: هماهنگی درونی، آلفا کرونباخ برای هراس اجتماعی 0.96 و برای ترس از مکان های شلوغ 0.85 و بازآزمایی پس از دوهفته 0.86 "ترنر و همکاران، 1989"
آلفا برای نسخه کودکان 0.95 و بازآزمایی دو هفته ای 0.86 و پس از ده ماه 0.63
نمره گذاری
1=Never‚ 2=Very Infrequent‚ 3=Infrequent‚ 4= Sometimes‚ 5= Frequent‚ 6= Very Frequent‚ 7= Always
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Beidel‚ D.C.‚ Borden‚ J.W.‚ Turner‚ S.M.‚ & Jacob‚ R.G. (1989). The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory: Concurrent validity with a clinical sample. Behavioural Research and Therapy‚ 27‚ 573-576.
Beidel‚ D.C.‚ Turner‚ S.M.‚ & Cooley‚ M.R. (1993). Assessing reliable and clinically significant change in social phobia: Validity of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Behavioural Research and Therapy‚ 31‚ 331-337.
Beidel‚ D.C.‚ Turner‚ S.M.‚ Stanley‚ M.A.‚ & Dancu‚ C.V. (1989). The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory: Concurrent and external validity. Behavior Therapy‚ 20‚ 417-427.
Turner‚ S.M.‚ Beidel‚ D.C.‚ Dancu‚ C.V.‚ & Stanley‚ M.A. (1989). An empirically derived inventory to measure social fears and anxiety: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment‚ 1‚ 35-40.
Turner‚ S.M.‚ Stanley‚ M.A.‚ Beidel‚ D.C.‚ & Bond‚ L. (1989). The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory: Construct validity. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment‚ 11‚ 221-234.
Beidel‚ D.C.‚ Turner‚ S.M.‚ Morris‚T.L. (1995). A New Inventory to Assess Childhood Social Anxiety and Phobia: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children. Psychological Assessment‚ 7(1)‚ 73-79.
Casten‚ Kircia Marie.‚ Herbert‚ James D. (2004). Marital Functioning and Communication in a Clinical Sample of Social Anxiety Disorder Clients. Drexel University. Doctoral dissertation.