Parenting Scale (PS)
Arnold‚ O’leary‚ Wolf‚ & Acker‚ 1993
مقیاس فرزندپروری
1. When my child misbehaves...
I do something right away. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I do something about it later.
2. Before I do something about a problem...
I give my child several reminders or warnings. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I use only one reminder or warning.
3. When I’m upset or under stress...
I am picky and on my child’s back. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I am no more picky than usual.
4. When I tell my child not to do something...
I say very little. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I say a lot.
5. When my child pesters me...
I can ignore the pestering. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I can’t ignore the pestering.
6. When my child misbehaves...
I usually get into a long argument with my child. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I don’t get into an argument.
7. I threaten to do things that...
I am sure I can carry out. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I know I won’t actually do.
8. I am the kind of parent that...
sets limits on what my child is allowed to do. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 lets my child do whatever he or she wants.
9. When my child misbehaves...
I give my child a long lecture. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I keep my talks short and to the point.
10.When my child misbehaves...
I raise my voice or yell. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I speak to my child calmly.
11.If saying no doesn’t work right away...
I take some other kind of action. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I keep talking and trying to get through to mychild.
12.When I want my child to stop doing something...
I firmly tell my child to stop. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I coax or beg my child to stop.
13.When my child is out of my sight...
I often don’t know what my child is doing. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I always have a good idea of what mychild is doing.
14.After there’s been a problem with my child...
I often hold a grudge. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 things get back to normal quickly.
15.When we’re not at home...
I handle my child the way I do at home. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I let my child get away with a lot more.
16.When my child does something I don’t like...
I do something about it every time it happens. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I often let it go.
17.When there’s a problem with my child...
things build up and I do things I don’tmean to do. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 things don’t get out of hand.
18.When my child misbehaves‚ I spank‚ slap‚ grab‚ or hit my child...
never or rarely. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 most of the time.
19.When my child doesn’t do what I ask...
I often let it go or end up doing it myself. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I take some other action.
20.When I give a fair threat or warning...
I often don’t carry it out. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I always do what I said.
21.If saying “No” doesn’t work...
I take some other kind of action. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I offer my child something nice so he/shewill behave.
22.When my child misbehaves...
I handle it without getting upset. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I get so frustrated or angry that my childcan see I’m upset.
23.When my child misbehaves...
I make my child tell me why he/she did it. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I say “No” or take some other action.
24.If my child misbehaves and then acts sorry...
I handle the problem like I usually would. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I let it go that time.
25.When my child misbehaves...
I rarely use bad language or curse. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I almost always use bad language.
26.When I say my child can’t do something...
I let my child do it anyway. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I stick to what I said.
27.When I have to handle a problem...
I tell my child I am sorry about it. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I don’t say I’m sorry.
28.When my child does something I don’t like‚ I insult my child‚ say mean things‚ or call my child names...
never or rarely. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 most of the time.
29.If my child talks back or complains when I handle a problem...
I ignore the complaining and stick to what I said 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I give my child a talkabout not complaining.
30.If my child gets upset when I say “No”...
I back down and give in to my child. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I stick to what I said.
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این مقیاس کژکاری انضباطی والدین را اندازه گیری می کند. سه خرده مقیاس "سهل انگاری"، "واکنش بیش از اندازه" و "لفاظی" که مبین پاسخ های آسان گیری، خشن و بیش از حد کلامی به سوء رفتار کودکان است.
در ایران، این مقیاس در پژوهش های گوناگون به کار برده شده است. لیل آبادی (1375) و فرمند (1385) از جمله کسانی هستند که این مقیاس را با عنوان "پرسشنامه فرزند پروری آرنولد" در پژوهش خود به کار گرفته اند.
خرده مقیاس ها و اعتبار: هماهنگی درونی، آلفا
Laxness‚ Overreactivity and Verbosity
نمره گذاری:
Revers-scored items: 2‚ 3‚ 6‚ 9‚ 10‚ 13‚ 14‚ 17‚ 19‚ 20‚ 23‚ 26‚ 27‚ and 29
Laxness: 7‚ 8‚ 12‚ 15‚ 16‚ 19‚ 20‚ 21‚ 24‚ 26‚ 30
Overreactivity: 3‚ 6‚ 9‚ 10‚ 14‚ 17‚ 18‚ 22‚ 25‚ 28
Verbosity: 2‚ 4‚ 7‚ 9‚ 11‚ 23‚ 29
Items not on a factor: 1‚ 5‚ 13‚ 27
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Arnold‚ D.S.‚ O'Leary‚ S.G.‚ Wolff‚ L.S.‚ Acker. M.M. (1993). The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment‚ 5‚ 137–144.
Arnold‚ O’leary‚ Wolf‚ & Acker (1993). Parenting Scale (PS). In Fischer‚ Joel.‚ Corcoran‚ Kevin J. (2007 ). Measures for Clinical Practice and research: A sourcebook. (4th ed.). NY. Oxford University Pr. Vol. 1‚ Page (s): 400-404.
لیل آبادی،لیدا. (1375). بررسی ومقایسه ویژگی های شخصیتی وشیوه های فرزندپروری مادران دانش آموزان عادی و مبتلابه اختلال سلوک درمدارس ابتدایی پسرانه شهرتهران،پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد،تهران،دانشگاه تهران.